Because of this, economic development in Africa was stalled for centuries and these regions were left vulnerable to the imperial conquest of Europeans. Write the noun clauses in the following sentence. Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period 1450-1750. The Atlantic Slave Trade began immediately after the Portuguese arrived in Africa, but seriously expanded after Native American populations were decimated. This continued into the 20th century. By this contract, a four-year-old girl became a servant in Quebec in 1703. **Example 1**. Like in the Eastern Atlantic, they focused on sugar cane production. Slave Rebellions and the Civil War were the The Cossacks under Yemelyan Pugachev rebelled against, South Asia, which includes modern-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, has a majority population of Hindus and a strong minority of Muslims. By 1450, more people were migrating in search of religious tolerance and economic opportunities. The demand for exploration led to new technological innovations. Japan initially welcomed Portuguese and Dutch traders and. Match. Demographic and Environmental Changes. Spanish. Largely a kingdom of city-states that worked for mutual benefit, the Maya were able to build large temples, cities, and trade networks. In theory, the heads of encomienda did not own native lands. Prompt 5: Evaluate the extent to which labor systems changed in the 1450 to 1750 time period. A contract 2 individuals sign in which one Why did the empire of Russia suddenly emerge as a gunpowder empire? 4. it? Russia had expanded to the East of Europe and Asia and to the Pacific Coast. New syncretic religions emerged that blended native and colonial traditions. A type of labor commonly used in feudal systems in which the laborers work the land in return for protection but they are bound to the land and are not allowed to leave or to peruse their a new occupation. By the 18th century, the Spanish, Dutch, French, and English had plantation economies in their American colonies. Chinese merchants had a near monopoly over the shipping of spices between the Southeast Asian spice islands and China. Production later expanded to include crops like. The Atlantic System c. The Middle Passage d. The Sea Road AP WORLD HISTORY ULTIMATE REVIEW PACKET UNIT 4 (1450-1750) State expansion and centralization led to resistance from an array of social, political, and economic groups on a local level. Maybe. 3. Labor/Economic System. 2. : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. Free peasants affected by heavy debts often lost their land and were forced into serfdom. Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, By the People: A History of the United States, AP Edition, Donald Kagan, Frank M. Turner, Steven Ozment. inventory. Sold as goods. appearing in 1620, Labor Systems Graphic Organizer 1450-1750, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, This was the labor system imposed upon the, development by the Europeans, this system is, process of building European colonies in the, to slavery except for the slaves (more or less, peasants of Russia) were sold with the land, (peasants) to eventually buy land and gain, rights just as a free citizen would have such, Following Union victory in May 1685, along with, with the Emancipation Manifesto (March 3rd, [February 19th, Old Style], 1861) which was, This was designed to keep people that were, in debt to continue working on a piece of, these people became overtly rich with the, Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Give Me Liberty! Dehydration Synthesis Student Exploration Gizmo, Week 1 short reply - question 6 If you had to write a paper on Title IX, what would you like to know more about? Recommend what the business should do to ensure adherence to principles of internal control. Unit IV Important Changes and Continuities 14, World History and Geography: Modern Times. Labor systems are the types of labor and work done by workers. Define the Were 1861 was when the serfdom officially ended Within just a few decades, European exploration for new trade routes to Asia turned into conquest and empire-building. Jamaica had a growing slave population throughout this time period. How did the Atlantic Slave Trade impact the economy? Favored Spanish immigrants to the New World forced Native Americans to work . This was common in early Medeival Europe as well as in Russia until the mid 19th century. Cash crop agriculture and ranching were common on haciendas, but other activities like mining also took place. Colonial economies centered around mining and cash crop agriculture. All of the ethnic combinations created new social classes organized by race with Europeans the top. A religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval that split Catholic Europe, causing the formation of structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the modern era. Peter the Great built up Russian military by using peasants to serve. They connected the economy of the Americas with the economies of Afro-Eurasia through new trade routes across the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Rise of a global trade network. To remove the persistent oil stain on the driveway, Dan had to Identify each italicized phrase in the following paragraph as a prepositional phrase, a participial phrase, a gerund phrase, an infinitive phrase, or an appositive phrase. An external challenge to the state usually comes from neighboring states or other colonizing forces in the region. This labor was short-term and only performed when men were not working on their family farms. s rebellion coercive labor systems in unit 4 - (1450-1750) started during this period, partly because of the clear cut racial differences between africans and the europeans who bought them, slaves came to be viewed as a transferable product (chattel). This guide was updated to align with the new course! European colonizers who traveled to the Americas blazed new and disturbing paths, such as the encomienda system of forced labor and the use of tens of thousands of Africans as slaves. Indigenous communities were originally enslaved, but they were not a viable long term plan for free/cheap labor. . Technological improvements in shipbuilding and gunpowder weapons allowed European empires to form and exercise a more . Thematic Focus: Social Interactions and Organization Essential Question: In what ways did slavery labor systems change and stay the same as trade networks expanded between 1450 and 1750? Mita under the Spanish: Under the Spanish, Mita became a system of exploitation. Mamluks - Turkish/Mongol slave soldiers that fought for Egypt. 2. The most dramatic social changes happened in the Americas because of the influx of Europeans, decimation of Indigenous, and explosion of the African slave trade. Prepare an amortization schedule for the four-year term of the lease. As of January 1, 2020, Abernethys land had a fair value of$90,000, its buildings were valued at $160,000, and its equipment was appraised at$180,000. Slave Systems and Slave Trade. 3. Underline the word in parentheses that correctly completes the meaning of each sentence below. Encomienda. This system was developed to allow serfs Name:__________________________________________ Date:__________ Period:_______. Together, they defeated the Portuguese in 1647, but the Dutch retreat from central Africa a year leaving the region vulnerable. In West Africa, European merchants and missionaries reached inland to the Kongo and Benin. Both groups would experience a, In Russia, the social classes were similar to the rest of Europe, except that they continued to practice serfdom. Some African rulers were complicit in the slave trade. In the Spanish and Portuguese colonies, things were different. The Americas are mostly defined by ethnic division during the period of 1450-1750. Native businesspeople and merchants often held monopolies over the trade of certain goods. Economic systems include what types of goods societies produce, how they produce them, and how wealth and resources and wealth are across the population. Freedom was nearly unattainable. Mita was like paying your taxes with work instead of money. During the Protestant Reformation, the Pope's authority was politically challenged. There were slaves, the mit'a, and encomienda. Prepare consolidation worksheet entries for December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2021. This is the period in Africa where European contact starts. The work included various tasks like growing food for those who lived in cities, building food storage, or repairing infrastructure. c. International investments are inherently more risky. December of 1865. Even into her 60s, Queen Nzinga personally led her troops into battle to protect their land. the Americas largely depended on agriculture and utilized existing labor systems, including the Incan mit'a. The Inca empire, then the Spanish Empire America Mexico, It was abolished in 1812 240 years after it The Spanish also established a fort at St. Augustine in present-day Florida. Explain the continuities and changes in economic systems and labor systems from 1450 to 1750. Before 1492, the Americas were isolated from Africa, Europe, and Asia. Swift Ellis, Inc., manufactures running shoes. Draw a new isoquant to show the combination of capital and labor that minimizes total cost, given Before 1450, Europeans did not play a prominent role on the global stage, but after 1450, Europeans were the main puppeteers of the global economy. Between 1450 and 1750 there were several examples of states attempting this balancing act. Revolts occurred but New labor systems The Russian nobility, known as. Before Spanish: Labor before was to Traditional labor systems were expanded because of the goods that were exchanged in the Columbian Exchange. On the backs of millions of slaves, sugar eventually outpaced silver as the most profitable good at the time. The Portuguese led the way to Sub-Saharan Africa and present-day China, India, Indonesia, but their first to market advantage didnt last long. Sea-based empires usually had a strong navy and controlled oceanic trade. Cash crop agriculture: Europeans first produced cash crops on large commercial plantations on the islands (Canary, Cape Verde, and the Azores) of the Western African coast in the 15th century. Islam was still being spread. Well skip *(desert, $\underline{{dessert}}$)* so we wont be late to the movie. commander of the first ships to sail directly from Europe to India. For example, the Kongo was in decline. Russian serfs had suffered oppression. The collapse of the Byzantine Empire. Below are the 43 people to know for the EARLY MODERN PERIOD (1450-1750). Slowed population growth also weakened economic production. Created by. lose significance? Write AAA over the verb if the verb is in the active voice and PPP if it is in the passive voice. In AP World History: Modern, Unit 4 spans from 1450 CE to 1750 CE and accounts for 12-15% of the material on the exam. The movement of goods and people had regional consequences. Sexual exploitation of female serfs by their lords was common. As a result, practices of polygamy were more common. African People who were brought to the Americans on that land, but could demand free labor from them in exchange. Many people who left their villages for mita labor under the Spanish never returned. with the Emancipation Manifesto (March 3rd arrival of coffee in the 1700s and cotton and sugercane impacted the Americas hugely - Both crops requried backbreaking labor to cultivate that led to the rise and expansion oft he Atlantic . Learn. government intervened in the market to protect domestic industries, companies organized commercial ventures by allowing investors to buy and sell shares which shared the risk of business ventures. Suppose both the wage rate and the rental price of machinery doubles. Following the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire in the 15th century, the Potosi mine in modern Bolivia became one of the worlds largest single sources of silver. Test. What happened to the Silk Road in Ming and Qin Dynasties? or The Scientific Revolution, The Protestant Reformation, The Enlightenment all changed Europe. It was ruled by Charles V but consisted mostly of German peoples and was continually being pulled apart until the 30 Years War brought much of it to an end, Deborah Gray White, Edward L. Ayers, Jess F. de la Teja, Robert D. Schulzinger, World History and Geography: Modern Times. Unit 4: Labor Systems, 1450 - 1750 C. Encomienda Chattel Slavery Russian Serfdom Define the labor system Include the general role/purpose Were there revolts or rebellions associated with it? community-driven projects like extensive In North America, the Spanish had control of the southwest regions, central America, and Florida. answer choices. Barton and Barton completed construction of the machine on January 1, 2016. A slave who ran away from his or her master. Were there What is the Protestant Reformation? China Late Imperial China: The Ming (1368-1644) and the Qing (1644-1912) . Native Americans did not have biological immunity to the common diseases brought by Europeans like smallpox and typhoid. In the Inca Empire, the government required citizens to provide labor to the state each year (mita). By 1450, Europeans were set on finding a faster route to Asia. Over time, the Portuguese became more exploitative to expand their powers. Despite some disruption and restructuring due to the arrival of Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch merchants, existing trade networks in the Indian Ocean continued to flourish and included intra-Asian trade and Asian merchants. 1 / 25. Became emblematic of the loyalty, sacrifice, persistence, and honor that all good people should preserve in Japan, powerful daimyo of Edo (modern-day Tokyo), named himself shogun in 1603, initiating the most powerful and long-lasting of all Japanese shogunates. The Spanish, Portuguese, French, English, and Dutch had to find another route in order to remain competitive, so they invested in exploration. (peasants) to eventually buy land and gain However, vulnerable populations like the poor sometimes found themselves coerced into signing the contracts. began due to this system. A labor system set up by the Spanish government where Spanish colonists could work the native Americans on their land while compensating them and agreeing to educate some of them and teach them about Christianity. While there were some enslaved workers, hacienda owners paid most workers poverty wages. Throughout East Asia, the development of Neo-Confucianism solidified a cultural identity. Labor system used by the Spanish, used the help of the non-Christian natives for hard manual labor. Often times, Han men would side with the Qing and carry out mass murders of Han men refusing to wear the Manchu hairstyle. In order to resist the Portuguese. . Indicate the behavioral finance concept that Frost most directly exhibits in each of his three comments. Explain the continuities and changes in economic systems and labor systems from 1450 to 1750. Continuity/Change Over Time During the 1450's to 1750's the Americas were evolving at a constant rate. European women had more freedom while Muslim women were held housebound, but could participate in business and court. Disease wiped out most of the population and many that were left were able to escape because of superior knowledge of the land. Stark black does not *(compliment, complement)* everyones complexion. The work agreements were often signed willingly by people who wanted to go to the Americas but could not afford the journey. The useful life of the machine was expected to be four years with no residual value. His defeat of the Inca epitomizes the advantages which the Europeans had over the Amerindians, The last Incan Emperor before the Spanish conquered the Inca, reform movement led by Martin Luther, John Calvin, and others that divided Christianity, German priest and professor who started the Protestant Reformation through his 95 Theses, List of criticisms with the Catholic Church that started the Protestant Reformation, Created a branch of Christianity that centered around the idea of predestination, period of Catholic revival beginning with the Council of Trent in response to the Protestant Reformation, group of people that participated in the Catholic Reformation that brought some people back to the Catholic Church, granted tolerance to the Protestants in France in 1598, war between Protestants and Catholics in Germany (broke out in 1618), Civil War in England that resulted in the King of England losing much of his power, new vision of science (developed during 17th and 18th centuries); relied on reason, Polish astronomer who developed a heliocentric theory of the Solar System, Italian astronomer who improved the telescope and supported Copenicus' views on the Solar System, described basic principles of motion and gravity, doctrine that a monarch derives his or her power directly from God, The king of France from 1643-1715. Match. Elisabeth Tarrillion, a management consultant, was hired by Shoe Crafter, Inc. to analyze data provided by the Human Resource, Budget, Accounting, and Payroll Departments. Learn. Explain how rulers employed economic strategies to consolidate and maintain power from 1450-1750. Indentured servitude is a form of labor where a person works for an agreed-upon time to pay back a debt or work off an upfront payment. The Atlantic Slave Trade sold slaves but when in Africa, Europeans struck and traded tons of gold. He oversaw the greatest expansion of the Qing Empire. The state with the most access to trade could be the most powerful. The last stand against colonization was led by Metacom, also known as his colonial name King Phillip. Region of the Atlantic coast of West Africa occupied by modern Ghana; named for its gold exports to Europe from the 1470s onward. Inflation as a result of increase in gold and silver. Europeans created various systems of forced labor and slavery within their colonial economies. The most immediate effect on indigenous communities was the massive depopulation caused by disease. associated with